Teaching Music in Elementary Grades – Guided Music Reading
Teaching music in elementary grades requires a systematic guided music reading approach. These tips help busy teachers never miss a step.
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What does guided MUSIC reading look like in the elementary music classroom? You may have heard this term associated with reading the English language in the general elementary homeroom classroom where guided reading is conducted in small-group settings with the teacher providing support teaching throughout the lesson.
In the music classroom, small group settings are not usually possible. However, a similar approach may be used with your entire music class. Take a peek below to see what teaching a rhythm reading lesson using guided music reading might look like in your elementary music classroom.
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Preparation for Guided Music Reading
For guided music reading to be successful in the elementary music classroom, lessons must be carefully sequenced. Students should only encounter one new element at a time and students must be “prepared” and ready for the element to be presented.
The Kodály method provides a sound structure with three essential phases.
- Prepare
- Present
- Practice
During the prepare phase, students learn repertoire and are first introduced AURALLY to musical concepts. A variety of activities are used to prepare each musical element. Movement, songs, chants, games, and even listening activities all play an important role in the preparation phase.
The present phase is when the musical element is named and introduced. Elements are introduced aurally first, then the symbol itself is presented later after students have mastered the element aurally. The present phase is very short.
Everything that happens after presenting an element is practice. The practice phase, of course, is the longest phase.
Guided Music Reading – Iconic Reading
As a simplified example, I will use the chant Pease Porridge Hot. Before introducing music reading activities, students should be familiar with and have mastered the repertoire. Students should be able to chant the rhyme independently while keeping a steady beat. A simple steady beat hand clap activity pairs nicely with this chant.
Once young students have a firm foundation in keeping a steady beat and reading quarter note/rest patterns, they’re ready to begin the aural preparation phase for eighth notes. Guide students toward identifying one sound on a beat and two sounds on a beat. Introduce and echo the patterns in the song using the rhythm patterns of your choice – Kodály, Gordon, Takadimi, or French Time. (Young children are NOT yet ready to use Numerical Counting systems.)
After students can identify one sound on a beat and two sounds on a beat, iconic music reading is a good way to reinforce this concept.
In the “music” above each box represents one beat. Students can easily identify one or two sounds on a beat and the “silent” beats or rests and correlate the pictures with the rhythm syllable sounds.
Note: Rests are silent. Please do NOT teach your students to say “sh” on rests. I know students tend to skip right over rests. You can combat this in one of two ways. Have students point to EVERY single box as they read and/or have students make a silent movement during a rest. This movement could be putting their hands out to the side palms up or they could place a finger to their lips during rests.
Reading Standard Rhythmic Notation
Once students are proficient at iconic reading, reading standard notation for the same piece is a simple next step. Begin with iconic reading and go straight to standard notation. Students should immediately make the connection. If necessary, read one line at a time – iconic then standard notation. If students are properly prepared, this should be a simple transition.
Introduce Elements “Just in Time”
To focus students’ attention, only display the elements you want them to focus on. For instance, if you’re reading the rhythm, do NOT display ANY lyrics. Students will focus on the words and will not read the notes.
If you’re learning verse 1 only display verse 1. Display verse 2 “just in time” to perform verse 2. This guided music reading technique is very beneficial for young musicians. It’s also helpful to color-code verses for beginning music readers.
Provide Student Support During Guided Music Reading
Every classroom is made up of students of many different abilities. With careful scaffolding, all students can be successful with teacher and peer support. The tips below describe how you can provide support for students with a wide range of abilities.
Tips for Successful Guided Music Reading
- Thoroughly prepare students aurally for the new element you will present. Incorporate songs, games, movement, and other fun activities. Music learning should be FUN!
- Only introduce one new element at a time. Lessons should be carefully sequenced. Each lesson should reinforce or build upon the previous one.
- Do NOT move too fast. Use several different songs to reinforce the same musical element. I recommend a minimum of 3 separate pieces to reinforce and practice each musical element.
- Display music on an interactive whiteboard, overhead projector, or a large poster. Ensure all students can see. This can be a challenge if you’re in a low-tech or no-tech school.
- Point to every beat to ensure all students track and follow the music.
- Observe students closely during guided music reading activities. Maintain eye contact. There’s a bit of an art to this. It takes some practice to be able to point at the music and observe students at the same time.
- Informally assess students through guided music reading activities. After careful observation and informal assessment, you can modify, repeat, slow down, or speed up lessons.
- Demonstrate for students. Do NOT read/perform with them. Leaders will naturally emerge from each class. But it should not be the teacher. (I admit this has always been hard for me.)
- Assign peer partners. I always assigned every student a music partner. As much as possible, assign partners as boy/girl and higher/lower ability levels. This system has worked well for me. Boys and girls often have different learning styles and can benefit from working together. Pairing higher/lower ability level partners is also beneficial. Both students can learn from working with each other.
- Assess occasionally with a quick “point and read” paper activity. Some students become adept at following their partners and you may not notice that they are not reading independently. Paper activities where each student points to every note as they read will identify students who are not yet reading independently. I designed a series of lessons with “Take Home Pages” specifically for this purpose.
- Take Home Pages serve a dual purpose. I use these Take Home Pages for assessment, but they also help students to become independent music readers and share their learning at home.
Use Take Home Pages as Assessments
Unless you want students to write their names on their music, there’s no writing at all with our Rhythm Reading Take Home pages. Students simply point to each note as they read the rhythm together as a class. With practice, you’ll be able to watch and assess an entire class of 25-30 students at once.
The trick is to ensure all students are sitting on the floor and spread out facing the front of the room. They should lay their papers flat on the floor as they point. This allows students to point accurately and the teacher to observe. (Watch carefully to ensure students point to the rests. Many students will initially skip over rests.)
Use Take Home Pages as “homework.” Students’ homework is to read and perform their Take Home Pages for someone at home. When parents, grandparents, classroom teachers, and administrators see concrete evidence of developing music literacy levels, they become supporters of your program. That’s a WIN – WIN – WIN!
For more about using Take Home Pages in elementary music, take a peek at the blog posts below.
You Can Develop Independent Music Readers
This is what guided music reading can look like in your elementary music classroom. This model gives music teachers a consistent method and framework to deliver effective and efficient lessons. Most importantly, guided music reading helps develop independent music readers in the elementary grades.
No-Prep Guided Music Reading Resources
Are you strapped for time? Do you need ready-to-go projectable and printable guided music reading resources? Take a peek at the bundles below. If you only need to supplement one or two lessons here or there, each song/activity is also available as an individual resource.
BONUS: Each activity in the bundles below includes DIGITAL activities that may be used to wrap up a lesson, as a review, or even as an assessment.
Enjoy!
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More About Developing Elementary Music Literacy Skills
- Teaching High-Low Kindergarten Music Assessment Activities
- Instruments of the Orchestra and Band – A Virtual Field Trip to the Symphony
- Teaching Improvisation in the Elementary Music Classroom
- Elementary Music Rhythm Reading Standard Notation vs. Stick Notation
Meet the Author
Terri Lloyd is a former elementary music teacher with over 25 years of experience. She holds a Bachelor of Music, a Master of Science in Education, and a Technology Certificate in Instructional Design.
Terri is active in music education through blogging, presenting and attending workshops, and curriculum development. She serves on the music staff at her church and volunteers for an after-school children’s program. Terri is an active musician in the community, performing in a local Big Band, pit orchestras, and various events.